Respiratory disordersare

Respiratory disordersare classified as obstructive or restrictive.  Obstructive disorders are characterized by the limitation of airflowthrough the lung.  Restrictive disorders are caused by lossof lung flexibility, thereby decreasing lung capacity.  These disorders are diagnosed by spirography, the measurement of lung capacity and air flow rates.

Complete the following table of lung volume and capacities.
Full Name of the Volume or Capacity    Abbreviation    Definition    Normal, average resting values
Male    Female
TV
IRV
ERV
RV
IC
FRC
FVC

Total Lung Capacity    TLC    TLC = IRV + TV + ERV + RV    6,000 mL    4,200 mL

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Measurement    Describe the pathophysiological changes in these measurements in:
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease    Restrictive Pulmonary Disease
TLC = Total Lung Capacity
FVC = Forced Vital Capacity
FEV1 = Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second
FEV1 / FVC Ratio

Pulmonary thromboembolism is a common vascular disorder affecting the pulmonary circulation system.  Describe pathogenesis and identify preventative measures prescribed to reduce the risk of this disorder.

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